API 570 RESOURCES
Piping System
Integrity
Resources supporting piping inspection,
condition assessment, & risk management.

Inspection Beyond Compliance

API 570 provides the framework for the in-service inspection, rating, repair, alteration, and rerating of process piping systems operating throughout the petroleum, petrochemical, and process industries.

Effective piping programs depend upon understanding degradation mechanisms, operating conditions, inspection history, and risk exposure.

API 570 inspection programs commonly integrate damage mechanism reviews and risk-based inspection methodologies to support mechanical integrity decision-making.

At Advanced Inspection Solutions, process piping inspections are not developed around pipe size, service class, or inspection intervals alone.
T
hey are built around understanding:

  • How the piping system operates
  • How degradation develops
  • Where failure is most likely to occur
  • What consequences may result from loss of containment

The AIS
Approach

AIS develops inspection strategies that combine:

  • API 570 Inspection Practices
  • API 571 Damage Mechanism Reviews
  • API 580 Risk-Based Inspection Principles
  • Process Chemistry Analysis
  • Corrosion Circuit Development
  • Piping System Classification
  • Corrosion rate analysis
  • Integrity Operating Windows (IOWs)
  • Asset History Reviews

The objective is simple:
Inspect the locations most susceptible to degradation
before deterioration becomes failure.

API 571: Understanding Piping Damage Mechanisms

Piping systems often experience different degradation patterns than pressure vessels due to flow conditions, turbulence, injection points, dead legs, and changing process chemistry.

AIS utilizes API 571 principles to identify credible damage mechanisms that may affect specific piping systems.
Potential degradation mechanisms may include:

  • General corrosion
  • Localized corrosion
  • Erosion corrosion
  • Corrosion under insulation (CUI)
  • Wet H₂S damage
  • Sulfidation
  • CO₂ corrosion
  • MIC
  • Naphthenic acid corrosion
  • Thermal fatigue
  • Mechanical fatigue
  • Hydrogen damage

Understanding damage mechanisms is the foundation of effective inspection planning.

Piping System Classification

Effective API 570 programs begin by defining piping systems.
AIS assists clients with organizing piping assets into manageable inspection systems that consider:

Process Service

  • Hydrocarbon service
  • Produced water service
  • Gas service
  • Chemical service
  • Utility systems
  • Injection systems

Operating Conditions

  • Pressure
  • Temperature
  • Flow velocity
  • Process chemistry
  • Corrosive contaminants

Consequence Considerations

  • Personnel exposure
  • Environmental impact
  • Production impact
  • Mechanical integrity risk

System classification helps establish inspection priorities and supports long-term integrity management.

Asset-Specific Inspection
Test Plans
(ITPs)

AIS develops Inspection Test Plans specific to each piping system and corrosion circuit.
Typical considerations include:

Process Conditions

  • Operating pressure
  • Operating temperature
  • Cyclic service
  • Startup and shutdown conditions

Process Chemistry

  • H₂S content
  • CO₂ content
  • Chlorides
  • Water content
  • Corrosion inhibitor programs
  • Chemical treatment systems

Mechanical Features

  • Dead legs
  • Injection points
  • Low spots
  • High turbulence areas
  • Reducers and elbows
  • Tees
  • Branch connections
  • Flow disturbances

Historical Data

  • Corrosion rates
  • Thickness measurements
  • Previous repairs
  • Failure history
  • RBI assessments

This approach maximizes inspection effectiveness while reducing unnecessary inspection activity.

Applying
API 580 to
API 570 Programs

AIS integrates API 580 Risk-Based Inspection methodologies into process piping inspection programs.

Probality of Failure
Evaluating:

  • Active damage mechanisms
  • Corrosion rates
  • Inspection effectiveness
  • Operating history
  • Process stability
  • Historical findings

Consequence of Failure
Evaluating:

  • Personnel safety
  • Environmental exposure
  • Production loss
  • Asset damagey
  • Business interruption

Consequence of Failure
Evaluating:

Integrity Operating Windows
(IOWs)

Inspection programs are only as effective as the process conditions supporting them.
AIS encourages owner-operators to establish Integrity Operating Windows for variables known to influence piping degradation.
Examples include:

  • Pressure
  • Temperature
  • Velocity
  • Water content
  • H₂S content
  • CO₂ content
  • Chlorides
  • Chemical concentrations

Monitoring operating conditions helps identify changing degradation risks before failures develop.

AIS
Philosophy

Many piping inspection programs focus primarily on inspection intervals.
AIS focuses on:

  • Damage mechanisms
  • Corrosion circuits
  • Failure locations
  • Inspection effectiveness
  • Mechanical integrity risk

By combining API 570 inspection practices with API 571 damage mechanism identification and API 580 risk-based methodologies.

AIS develops inspection strategies that support safer operations, improved reliability, and more informed integrity decisions.

Stewardship Quote

"Effective piping integrity begins with understanding where degradation develops, why it occurs, and what must be protected before failure happens."

— Kevin B. Hudgens
Founder & Principal Inspector
Advanced Inspection Solutions
API INSPECTION RESOURCES

API 570 Resources

Technical resources supporting piping inspection, condition assessment, corrosion monitoring, remaining life evaluation, and mechanical integrity compliance.